Smyth J, Ockenfels M C, Porter L, Kirschbaum C, Hellhammer D H, Stone A A
State University of New York, Stony Brook 11794-8790, USA.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1998 May;23(4):353-70. doi: 10.1016/s0306-4530(98)00008-0.
Effects of past, current, and anticipated naturalistic daily stressors and of affect on salivary cortisol levels were examined. Participants (120) reported on stressors and affect 6 x /day in response to a preprogrammed wristwatch. Twenty min after each assessment they took a sample of saliva for cortisol analysis. Both the experience of a current stressor and anticipating a stressor were associated with increased salivary cortisol levels. Average increases in cortisol were relatively low, but inter-individual variability in this response existed. Stressors also were associated with lower positive affect and higher negative affect. Negative affect was associated with higher cortisol levels and positive affect was associated with lower cortisol levels. Daily stressors were not significant predictors of cortisol secretion when affect was controlled. Momentary assessment of daily stressors and of salivary cortisol proved to be a useful tool for examining psychoendocrinological processes in the natural environment.
研究了过去、当前和预期的自然主义日常应激源以及情感对唾液皮质醇水平的影响。120名参与者按照预先设定的手表提示，每天6次报告应激源和情感状况。每次评估后20分钟，他们采集唾液样本进行皮质醇分析。当前应激源的体验以及预期应激源都与唾液皮质醇水平升高有关。皮质醇的平均升高幅度相对较低，但个体对此反应存在差异。应激源还与较低的积极情感和较高的消极情感相关。消极情感与较高的皮质醇水平相关，而积极情感与较低的皮质醇水平相关。当情感因素得到控制时，日常应激源并非皮质醇分泌的显著预测因素。对日常应激源和唾液皮质醇的即时评估被证明是研究自然环境中心理内分泌过程的有用工具。
