Jawad S S, Eccles R
Common Cold Centre, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom.
Rhinology. 1998 Jun;36(2):73-6.
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pseudoephedrine as a nasal decongestant. Patients with nasal congestion associated with common cold received two doses of medication separated by 4 hours, either 60 mg pseudoephedrine (n = 20), or placebo (n = 20). Unilateral nasal airflow was measured over a 7-hour period to record the spontaneous changes in nasal airflow associated with the nasal cycle. Minimum (F MIN) and maximum (F MAX) unilateral nasal airflows were defined as the minimum and maximum nasal airflow values for each nasal passage recorded during the 7-hour period of the study. There was no significant difference in F MAX between the two treatment groups yet there was a significant difference in F MIN (p < 0.05). No difference in total nasal airflow (TNAF) between treatment groups was found, either before or after treatment (p > 0.05). The results demonstrate that (TNAF) is not as sensitive a measure of decongestion as F MIN. The findings of this study show that pseudoephedrine had no effect on the decongestion phase of the nasal cycle, but did significantly limit the congestion phase. The decongestant action may be explained by the sympathomimetic supplementing the natural sympathetic nervous activity to the nasal blood vessels.
本研究的目的是调查伪麻黄碱作为鼻减充血剂的疗效。患有与普通感冒相关鼻塞的患者接受两剂药物治疗，间隔4小时，分别为60毫克伪麻黄碱（n = 20）或安慰剂（n = 20）。在7小时内测量单侧鼻气流，以记录与鼻周期相关的鼻气流自发变化。最小（F MIN）和最大（F MAX）单侧鼻气流被定义为在研究的7小时期间记录的每个鼻道的最小和最大鼻气流值。两个治疗组之间的F MAX没有显著差异，但F MIN有显著差异（p < 0.05）。治疗组之间治疗前和治疗后的总鼻气流（TNAF）均未发现差异（p > 0.05）。结果表明，（TNAF）作为减充血的测量指标不如F MIN敏感。本研究结果表明，伪麻黄碱对鼻周期的减充血阶段没有影响，但确实显著限制了充血阶段。减充血作用可能是由于拟交感神经补充了对鼻血管的自然交感神经活动来解释。
