Brüne M
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany.
Psychopathology. 1998;31(4):188-96. doi: 10.1159/000029039.
Mannerisms are symptoms of various psychiatric disorders. The term has not been defined thoroughly and is often confused with stereotypies or the more generally used term 'bizarreness'. From an ethological perspective, mannerisms may be regarded as pathologically altered forms of ritualised behaviour that serve a communicative purpose. Mannerisms are maladaptive behaviours since they lead to withdrawal of and rejection by the socially interacting partner, or even induce aggressive behaviour due to the pathologically exaggerated and overdrawn appearance. The behaviour-physiology interactions of manneristic behaviour are not fully understood. Altered brain metabolism and disturbed perceptivity of social signals may be involved.
特殊行为表现是各种精神障碍的症状。该术语尚未得到充分定义，且常与刻板动作或更常用的“怪异”一词相混淆。从行为学角度来看，特殊行为表现可被视为仪式化行为的病理性改变形式，具有交流目的。特殊行为表现是适应不良行为，因为它们会导致社交互动伙伴的回避和排斥，甚至由于病理性的夸张和过度表现而引发攻击行为。特殊行为表现的行为与生理相互作用尚未完全明了。可能涉及大脑代谢改变和对社会信号的感知障碍。
