Lusk S L, Kerr M J, Kauffman S A
School of Nursing, Health Promotion and Risk Reduction Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-0482, USA.
Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1998 Jul;59(7):466-70. doi: 10.1080/15428119891010217.
The purpose of this study was to describe construction workers' use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) and determine their perceptions of noise exposure and hearing loss. Operating engineers, carpenters, and plumbers/pipe fitters in the Midwest (n = 400) completed a written questionnaire regarding their use of HPDs and their perceptions of noise exposure and hearing loss. Subjects were recruited through their trade union groups. Mean reported use of HPDs and mean perceived noise exposure were compared across trade groups. Bivariate and multivariate analysis techniques were used to assess relationships between use of HPDs and trade category, education, age, years of employment, noise exposure, and hearing loss. Bivariate analyses identified significant differences in mean use of HPDs by age, years of employment, and trade group. Multivariate logistic regression assessing the independent effects of these variables found significant differences only by trade group. Results indicate a need for significant improvement in all three trade groups' use of HPDs, and suggest a need to consider use and exposure levels, demographics, and trade group membership in designing hearing conservation programs.
本研究的目的是描述建筑工人对听力保护装置（HPD）的使用情况，并确定他们对噪声暴露和听力损失的认知。美国中西部地区的操作工程师、木匠以及水管工/管道装配工（n = 400）完成了一份关于他们对HPD的使用情况以及对噪声暴露和听力损失认知的书面调查问卷。研究对象是通过他们的工会组织招募的。对各行业组之间报告的HPD平均使用情况和平均感知噪声暴露进行了比较。采用双变量和多变量分析技术来评估HPD的使用与行业类别、教育程度、年龄、工作年限、噪声暴露和听力损失之间的关系。双变量分析确定了按年龄、工作年限和行业组划分的HPD平均使用情况存在显著差异。评估这些变量独立影响的多变量逻辑回归发现，仅按行业组存在显著差异。结果表明，所有三个行业组在HPD的使用方面都需要显著改进，并建议在设计听力保护计划时考虑使用和暴露水平、人口统计学特征以及行业组成员身份。
