Godsland I F, Leyva F, Walton C, Worthington M, Stevenson J C
Wynn Department of Metabolic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK.
J Intern Med. 1998 Jul;244(1):33-41. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.1998.00312.x.
To investigate the associations between risk factors for cardiovascular disease and cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, and physical activity in a group of predominantly healthy men.
Cohort study with baseline characterisation, clinical follow-up, and identification of predictors of coronary artery disease and diabetes.
University hospital metabolic day ward.
Participants in a company health programme (n=742).
Routine haematology and biochemistry, cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (on a subset of 522 subjects), and glucose and insulin levels during a 3 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
Independent associations with previous cigarette smoking included high uric acid and low HDL cholesterol, and with current cigarette smoking, high haemoglobin and white cell count and low OGTT insulin. Increasing alcohol intake was associated with increasing blood pressure, uric acid, HDL cholesterol and fasting glucose. The moderate range of exercise intensity in this cohort was associated with decreasing systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin and OGTT glucose and insulin. Factor analysis distinguished principal factors comprising features of the metabolic syndrome with low physical activity, and high white cell count, high haemoglobin concentration and low HDL cholesterol with increasing previous and current cigarette smoking and alcohol intake.
Some characteristics of the metabolic syndrome were seen with previous but not current smoking habit. Regular alcohol consumption was associated with mainly unfavourable metabolic characteristics, although there was an independent beneficial association with HDL cholesterol. The improved metabolic syndrome profile seen with increasing exercise is consistent with even moderate degrees of physical activity having beneficial effects on metabolism.
在一组主要为健康男性的人群中，研究心血管疾病危险因素与吸烟、饮酒及身体活动之间的关联。
采用队列研究，进行基线特征描述、临床随访，并确定冠状动脉疾病和糖尿病的预测因素。
大学医院代谢日间病房。
参与公司健康计划的人员（n = 742）。
常规血液学和生物化学指标、胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇（522名受试者的子集），以及3小时口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）期间的血糖和胰岛素水平。
与既往吸烟独立相关的因素包括高尿酸和低HDL胆固醇，与当前吸烟相关的因素包括高血红蛋白和白细胞计数以及低OGTT胰岛素。饮酒量增加与血压、尿酸、HDL胆固醇和空腹血糖升高相关。该队列中适度的运动强度与收缩压、空腹胰岛素、OGTT血糖和胰岛素降低相关。因子分析区分了主要因素，包括代谢综合征特征与低身体活动，以及高白细胞计数、高血红蛋白浓度和低HDL胆固醇与既往和当前吸烟及饮酒量增加相关。
代谢综合征的一些特征在既往吸烟而非当前吸烟习惯中可见。经常饮酒主要与不利的代谢特征相关，尽管与HDL胆固醇存在独立的有益关联。随着运动增加而改善的代谢综合征状况与即使适度的身体活动对代谢也有有益影响相一致。
