Marc R E, Murry R F, Fisher S K, Linberg K A, Lewis G P
John Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84132, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998 Aug;39(9):1694-702.
Expressions of certain macromolecules are altered by experimental retinal detachment in the cat. Related alterations in micromolecular signatures of neurons, Müller cells, and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were investigated.
High-performance immunochemical mapping, image registration, and quantitative pattern recognition were combined to analyze the amino acid contents of virtually all retinal cell types after 3 to 84 days of detachment.
Retinal micromolecular signatures showed a spectrum of alterations. The glutamate contents of Müller cells increased and remained elevated for weeks after detachment. Multispectral signatures of Müller cells showed massive metabolic instability in early detachment stages that ultimately resolved as a homogeneous profile significantly depleted in glutamine. Retinal pigment epithelial cell signals also changed dramatically, displaying an initial glutamate spike and then a prolonged decline, even as taurine levels followed an opposite pattern of initial loss and slow restoration. Neurotransmitter signatures of surviving neurons showed extensive precursor-level variation, and, in one case, GABAergic horizontal cells displayed anomalous sprouting.
Dramatic changes in Müller cell amino acid signatures triggered by retinal detachment are partially consistent with losses in glutamine synthetase activity. Taurine signal variations suggest that orthotopic RPE cells attempt to regulate abnormal taurine concentrations in the enlarged subretinal space. Surviving neurons possess characteristic neurotransmitter signals, but their metabolite regulation seems abnormal. On balance, microchemical and structural anomalies develop in the detached cat retina that represent serious barriers to recovery of normal visual function.
在猫中，实验性视网膜脱离会改变某些大分子的表达。研究了神经元、穆勒细胞和视网膜色素上皮（RPE）的微分子特征的相关变化。
结合高效免疫化学图谱、图像配准和定量模式识别，分析脱离3至84天后几乎所有视网膜细胞类型的氨基酸含量。
视网膜微分子特征显示出一系列变化。穆勒细胞的谷氨酸含量增加，脱离后数周仍保持升高。穆勒细胞的多光谱特征在脱离早期显示出大量代谢不稳定，最终演变为谷氨酰胺显著减少的均匀图谱。视网膜色素上皮细胞信号也发生了显著变化，最初出现谷氨酸峰值，然后持续下降，而牛磺酸水平则呈现出相反的模式，即最初下降，然后缓慢恢复。存活神经元的神经递质特征显示出广泛的前体水平变化，在一个案例中，GABA能水平细胞显示出异常发芽。
视网膜脱离引发的穆勒细胞氨基酸特征的显著变化部分与谷氨酰胺合成酶活性的丧失一致。牛磺酸信号变化表明原位RPE细胞试图调节扩大的视网膜下空间中异常的牛磺酸浓度。存活的神经元具有特征性的神经递质信号，但其代谢调节似乎异常。总体而言，脱离的猫视网膜中出现了微化学和结构异常，这是正常视觉功能恢复的严重障碍。
