Goldstein G, Allen D N, van Kammen D P
VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Highland Drive Division, PA 15206-1287, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 1998 Aug;155(8):1117-8. doi: 10.1176/ajp.155.8.1117.
The authors' goal was to determine whether cognitively impaired patients with schizophrenia exhibit age-related cognitive declines similar to those of patients with schizophrenia who do not have substantial cognitive impairment.
Correlation coefficients were computed between age and the Average Impairment Rating, a summary index of cognitive ability, in a group of 77 patients with schizophrenia. These patients were clustered into two groups: one with near-normal cognitive function (N=51) and one with severely impaired cognitive function (N=26). A group of patients with senile dementia (N=21) and another comparison group of nonschizophrenic patients (N=299) were used as reference groups.
There were significant correlations between age and the Average Impairment Rating in all groups except the cognitively impaired patients with schizophrenia, in which a zero-order correlation was obtained.
Patients with schizophrenia who have substantial cognitive impairment do not have the significant correlation between age and cognitive function found in patients with schizophrenia who have mildly impaired or normal cognitive abilities, suggesting earlier onset of cognitive deficit in the cognitively impaired patients with schizophrenia.
作者的目标是确定患有精神分裂症的认知障碍患者是否表现出与没有严重认知障碍的精神分裂症患者类似的与年龄相关的认知衰退。
计算了一组77名精神分裂症患者的年龄与平均损伤评分（一种认知能力的综合指标）之间的相关系数。这些患者被分为两组：一组认知功能接近正常（N = 51），另一组认知功能严重受损（N = 26）。一组老年痴呆症患者（N = 21）和另一组非精神分裂症患者（N = 299）作为参照组。
除了患有精神分裂症的认知障碍患者外，所有组中年龄与平均损伤评分之间均存在显著相关性，在该组中获得的是零级相关性。
患有严重认知障碍的精神分裂症患者，其年龄与认知功能之间不存在轻度受损或认知能力正常的精神分裂症患者中所发现的显著相关性，这表明患有精神分裂症的认知障碍患者的认知缺陷发病更早。
