Lambert A, Talbot J A, Anobile C J, Robertson W R
Department of Medicine, Hope Hospital, Salford, UK.
Mol Hum Reprod. 1998 Jul;4(7):619-29. doi: 10.1093/molehr/4.7.619.
The extensive heterogeneity of the gonadotrophin hormones, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), is due primarily to the heterogeneous nature of their carbohydrate side-chains, in particular sialic acid residues. In this review, we discuss the role of carbohydrate chains in receptor binding and activation, biological activity, and metabolic half-life. The synthesis and secretion of the various glycoforms of both FSH and LH appear to be under endocrine control with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), oestradiol and testosterone playing important roles. Evidence for different glycoforms having variable biopotency or different encoded functions is increasing, and the production and secretion of more or less acidic gonadotrophin species in different physiological states may represent an important mechanism whereby the pituitary regulates gonadal cell and organ function. This has potential importance for the development of new pharmaceutical reagents and new therapeutic regimens in assisted reproduction. It is envisaged that the use of existing and new forms of FSH/LH will allow patients to be treated in a more controlled and physiological manner, with treatment regimens individualized to the needs of the patient.
促性腺激素，即卵泡刺激素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH），具有广泛的异质性，这主要归因于其碳水化合物侧链，尤其是唾液酸残基的异质性。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了碳水化合物链在受体结合与激活、生物活性以及代谢半衰期方面的作用。FSH和LH的各种糖型的合成与分泌似乎受内分泌控制，促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）、雌二醇和睾酮发挥着重要作用。不同糖型具有可变生物活性或不同编码功能的证据越来越多，在不同生理状态下或多或少酸性促性腺激素种类的产生和分泌可能代表了垂体调节性腺细胞和器官功能的一种重要机制。这对于辅助生殖中新型药物试剂和新治疗方案的开发具有潜在重要性。预计使用现有和新型的FSH/LH将使患者能够以更可控和符合生理的方式接受治疗，治疗方案可根据患者需求进行个体化定制。
