Cupp E W, Cupp M S, Ribeiro J M, Kunz S E
Department of Veterinary Science, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
J Med Entomol. 1998 Jul;35(4):591-5. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/35.4.591.
The economic impact on livestock production by Haematobia irritans (L.) is estimated to approach $1 billion per year in North America. However, there is little information regarding the blood-feeding strategy used by these insects. Information presented here shows that horn fly saliva interferes with the normal coagulation response as measured by the recalcification time assay. The relative anticoagulant activity on a per-gland basis was more than or equal to that reported for Simulium vittatum Zetterstedt, a common hematophagous black fly that also feeds on cattle. However, unlike S. vittatum, H. irritans salivary factors do not inhibit platelet aggregation using apyrase and have no detectable vasodilative activity. In this regard, the horn fly is strikingly different from blood-feeding species in the lower Diptera and shows a much more limited repertoire of antihemostatic factors.
据估计，在北美，刺蝇（Haematobia irritans (L.)）对畜牧业生产造成的经济影响每年接近10亿美元。然而，关于这些昆虫的吸血策略，相关信息却很少。此处呈现的信息表明，通过重新钙化时间测定法测量可知，角蝇唾液会干扰正常的凝血反应。以每个腺体为基础计算，其相对抗凝活性大于或等于曾报道的一种常见吸血黑蝇——泽氏黑蝇（Simulium vittatum Zetterstedt），这种黑蝇也以牛为食。然而，与泽氏黑蝇不同的是，刺蝇的唾液因子不会利用腺苷三磷酸双磷酸酶抑制血小板聚集，且没有可检测到的血管舒张活性。在这方面，角蝇与双翅目较低级的吸血物种有显著差异，并且其抗止血因子的种类要少得多。
