Li Xin, Cai Xiaodong, Ding Shuangmei, Wang Liang, Li Wenliang, Liu Xiaoyan, Zhang Chuntian, Yang Ding
College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
The Institute of Scientific and Technical Research on Archives, National Archives Administration of China, Beijing 100050, China.
Insects. 2023 Mar 15;14(3):286. doi: 10.3390/insects14030286.
House flies (Muscidae) comprise the most species-rich family of the muscoid grade with over 5000 described species worldwide, and they are abundant in various terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The high number of species, varied appearances, complex feeding habits, and wide distributions have hindered researchers from understanding their phylogeny and evolutionary history. Here, we newly sequenced fifteen mitochondrial genomes and reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships and divergence time among eight subfamilies of Muscidae (Diptera). The best phylogenetic tree, which was inferred by IQ-Tree, recovered the monophyly for seven out of eight subfamilies (except for Mydaeinae). Based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological characteristics, we prefer the subfamily status of Azeliinae and Reinwardtiinae, and separate Stomoxyinae from Muscinae. Genus Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 was synonymized with Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830. The divergence time estimation indicated Muscidae originated at 51.59 Ma (early Eocene). Most subfamilies had originated around 41 Ma. We provided a mtgenomic viewpoint on the phylogenetic relationships and divergence time estimation of Muscidae.
家蝇（蝇科）是蝇类中物种最为丰富的科，全球已描述的物种超过5000种，它们在各种陆地和水生生态系统中都很常见。物种数量众多、外观各异、食性复杂以及分布广泛，这些因素阻碍了研究人员对其系统发育和进化历史的理解。在此，我们新测序了15个线粒体基因组，并重建了蝇科（双翅目）八个亚科之间的系统发育关系和分歧时间。由IQ-Tree推断出的最佳系统发育树恢复了八个亚科中七个亚科的单系性（除了蝇蛹蝇亚科）。基于系统发育分析和形态特征，我们支持阿氏蝇亚科和莱氏蝇亚科的亚科地位，并将厩螫蝇亚科从蝇亚科中分离出来。1830年的罗宾诺 - 德沃伊属被同物异名化为1830年的罗宾诺 - 德沃伊属。分歧时间估计表明蝇科起源于5159万年前（始新世早期）。大多数亚科起源于约4100万年前。我们从线粒体基因组的角度提供了关于蝇科系统发育关系和分歧时间估计的观点。
