Jones S B, Musacchia X J, Tempel G E
Am J Physiol. 1976 Sep;231(3):707-12. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1976.231.3.707.
Mechanisms of temperature regulation were assessed by measurements of oxygen consumption (VO2), body temperature (Rre = rectal, Tsk = skin), evaporative water loss (EWL), regional distribution of blood flow, and blood volume. Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were acclimated to ambient temperatures of 34 or 22 degrees C. VO2 of 34 degrees C-exposed animals was reduced to 50% of that of controls at 22 degrees C, whereas EWL with heat exposure was almost double that of controls. Heat-acclimated animals had a slightly elevated Tre in comparison to 22 degrees C-acclimated animals, whereas there was a marked elevation in Tsk with heat exposure, in contrast to control animals at 22 degrees C. Blood flow distribution measurements indicated that with 34 degrees C exposure there was a decreased flow in liver, kidney, and intestine, whereas there was an increase to the carcass. Red cell and plasma volumes in heat-acclimated hamsters were decreased belwo the values of the 22 degrees C controls. Heat acclimation of the fhamster appears to involve reduced VO2 and increased WEL. Convective and radiative heat loss appear to be maintained by increased Tsk with heat exposure. Nonevaporative heat dissipation mechanisms are of primary importance in thermoregulation of the heat-acclimated hamster, and it is suggested that this is mediated by increased peripheral blood flow with reduced flow to the viscera.
通过测量耗氧量（VO₂）、体温（直肠温度Rre = rectal，皮肤温度Tsk = skin）、蒸发失水量（EWL）、血流区域分布和血容量来评估温度调节机制。仓鼠（金黄仓鼠Mesocricetus auratus）适应了34或22摄氏度的环境温度。暴露于34摄氏度的动物的VO₂降至22摄氏度时对照组的50%，而热暴露时的EWL几乎是对照组的两倍。与适应22摄氏度的动物相比，热适应动物的直肠温度（Tre）略有升高，而与22摄氏度的对照动物相比，热暴露时皮肤温度（Tsk）显著升高。血流分布测量表明，暴露于34摄氏度时，肝脏、肾脏和肠道的血流量减少，而躯体的血流量增加。热适应仓鼠的红细胞和血浆量低于22摄氏度对照组的值。仓鼠的热适应似乎涉及VO₂降低和EWL增加。热暴露时皮肤温度升高似乎维持了对流和辐射散热。在热适应仓鼠的体温调节中，非蒸发散热机制至关重要，并且有人认为这是由外周血流量增加和内脏血流量减少介导的。
