El-Garem A A
Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Digestion. 1998 Aug;59(5):589-605. doi: 10.1159/000007534.
Schistosomiasis is a man-made disease related to water contact in the agricultural fields and affecting millions of people in developing countries in the tropical and subtropical parts of Africa, Asia and South America. It is a bisexual trematode living in the portal blood and perivesical venous plexus. Its life cycle necessitates the presence of an intermediate host - a fresh water mollusc - that differs according to place. The pathogenetic stage is the ova that initiate an immunologically delayed hypersensitivity cell-mediated reaction in the organs where they are deposited. The liver, colon, urinary bladder and ureter are the main organs affected; however, any organ can be affected, even the skin and the brain. The review discusses the pathogenesis, pathology, diagnosis: parasitological and immunological, the clinical picture, treatment and control. The present status of the research work on vaccination is also presented.
血吸虫病是一种与农业生产中接触水相关的人为疾病，影响着非洲、亚洲和南美洲热带及亚热带地区发展中国家的数百万人。它是一种生活在门静脉血液和膀胱周围静脉丛中的雌雄同体吸虫。其生命周期需要中间宿主——一种淡水软体动物——根据地点不同而有所差异。致病阶段是虫卵，它们在沉积的器官中引发免疫延迟超敏细胞介导反应。肝脏、结肠、膀胱和输尿管是主要受累器官；然而，任何器官都可能受累，甚至皮肤和大脑。本文综述讨论了发病机制、病理学、诊断：寄生虫学和免疫学、临床表现、治疗与控制。还介绍了疫苗接种研究工作的现状。
