Czeizel A E, Rockenbauer M
Department of Human Genetics and Teratology, National Institute of Public Health, WHO Collaborating Centre for the Community Control of Hereditary Diseases, Budapest.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 1998;68(4):219-31.
The objective of the study was to determine the human teratogenic risk of vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy. Paired analysis of cases with congenital abnormalities and matched healthy controls was performed in the large population-based data set of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities, 1980-1994. Of 35,727 pregnant women who had control infants without defects, 3399 (9.5%) were treated with vitamin A. Of 20,830 pregnant women who had case offspring with congenital abnormalities, 1642 (7.9%) were treated with vitamin A, a rate that is significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.001). The case-control pair analysis also showed a lower rate of vitamin A treatment during pregnancy and in the first trimester of gestation in most congenital abnormality groups. Thus, use of low or moderate doses of vitamin A (< 10,000 IU) during the first trimester of pregnancy (i.e., organogenesis) is not teratogenic but presents some protective effect to the fetus.
该研究的目的是确定孕期补充维生素A对人类的致畸风险。在匈牙利1980 - 1994年先天性异常病例对照监测的大型人群数据集里，对先天性异常病例和匹配的健康对照进行了配对分析。在35727名生育无缺陷对照婴儿的孕妇中，3399名（9.5%）接受了维生素A治疗。在20830名生育有先天性异常病例后代的孕妇中，1642名（7.9%）接受了维生素A治疗，这一比例显著低于对照组（p < 0.001）。病例对照配对分析还显示，在大多数先天性异常组中，孕期及妊娠早期维生素A治疗的比例较低。因此，在妊娠早期（即器官形成期）使用低或中等剂量的维生素A（< 10000 IU）不会致畸，反而对胎儿有一定的保护作用。
