Warwick J P, Mason D G
Nuffield Department of Anaesthetics, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Anaesthesia. 1998 Jun;53(6):571-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00370.x.
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in children is a complex disorder characterised by repeated nocturnal episodes of increased upper airway resistive load. It is most commonly associated with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and more children are now presenting for adenotonsillectomy. These children may pose different anaesthetic problems to those having surgery for recurrent infection alone and anaesthetic morbidity and mortality has been reported. In addition, due to the varied symptomatology of the condition, children with unrecognised obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome may present for incidental surgery. This is of importance as patients with undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome may experience additional peri-operative morbidity when undergoing incidental surgery. This article aims to review the aetiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation and anaesthetic management of children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征是一种复杂的疾病，其特征为夜间反复出现上呼吸道阻力负荷增加的情况。它最常与腺样体扁桃体肥大相关，现在有更多儿童因腺样体扁桃体切除术前来就诊。这些儿童可能会出现与仅因反复感染而接受手术的儿童不同的麻醉问题，并且已有麻醉相关发病率和死亡率的报道。此外，由于该疾病症状多样，未被识别的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患儿可能会因意外手术前来就诊。这一点很重要，因为未确诊阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的患者在接受意外手术时可能会经历额外的围手术期发病率。本文旨在综述儿童阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的病因、病理生理学、临床表现及麻醉管理。
