Turnbull G J
Traumatic Stress Treatment Unit, Ticehurst House Hospital, East Sussex, UK.
Injury. 1998 Apr;29(3):169-75. doi: 10.1016/s0020-1383(97)00132-0.
This paper describes the history of the development of understanding of psychological responses to traumatic life-events and their treatment. One major response, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), is a recognized condition which has appeared relatively recently in diagnostic manuals. PTSD is a condition of major significance, not only to mental health professionals, but also to trauma surgeons and allied professionals. This paper focuses on the current definition of PTSD in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10, 1992, World Health Organization) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV, 1994). PTSD first appeared as an operational diagnosis in DSM-III (1980) and was revised in DSM-III-R (1987) and DSM-IV (1994). It made its first appearance in the ICD system later, in 1992. The paper seeks to increase awareness of PTSD across the broad spectrum of trauma management professionals, to emphasize the practical value of identifying the disorder and to encourage optimism for its treatment. This paper is in two parts. The first part deals with historical development and classification. The second part deals with treatment.
本文描述了对创伤性生活事件的心理反应及其治疗的认识发展历程。一种主要反应，即创伤后应激障碍（PTSD），是一种在诊断手册中相对较新出现的公认病症。PTSD不仅对心理健康专业人员，而且对创伤外科医生及相关专业人员来说都是一种具有重大意义的病症。本文重点关注《国际疾病分类》（ICD - 10，1992，世界卫生组织）和美国精神病学协会《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM - IV，1994）中PTSD的当前定义。PTSD首次作为操作性诊断出现在DSM - III（1980）中，并在DSM - III - R（1987）和DSM - IV（1994）中进行了修订。它于1992年稍后在ICD系统中首次出现。本文旨在提高广大创伤管理专业人员对PTSD的认识，强调识别该病症的实用价值，并鼓励对其治疗持乐观态度。本文分为两部分。第一部分涉及历史发展和分类。第二部分涉及治疗。
