De Meyer M D, De Boever J A
Service de stomatologie et de chirurgie maxillo-faciale, O.L.-Vrouwhospitaal, Kortrijk.
Rev Belge Med Dent (1984). 1997;52(4):124-38.
Bruxism is a parafunction observed both in young and adult populations. The mean prevalence is about 20% and is decreasing with age. Women appear to clench more frequently than men. Often, bruxism is understood as both clenching with occasional tooth contact or grinding. A correct and validated definition has only recently been suggested. Many symptoms are assigned to this process, although few symptoms scientifically can be used as specific diagnostic criteria. The symptoms most often associated with bruxism like muscle-stiffness and -pain, limitation of mouth opening. TMJ-internal derangements, toothwear, are also found in TMD-patients. Because the bruxism-process is not only a problem for the patient, who suffers from pain, dysfunction and possible toothwear, it concerns also the dentist. It is essential that those who treat the bruxist-patient, have an understanding of the etiology, diagnosis and management of bruxism, of the many described oral parafunctional behaviors (oromotor behavior). This literature-review could not find a causal etiological mechanism between the occurrence of TMD-symptoms and the bruxism although a relationship between those two conditions has been described.
磨牙症是一种在年轻人和成年人中均可见的功能异常。其平均患病率约为20%，且随年龄增长而降低。女性似乎比男性更频繁地紧咬牙。通常，磨牙症被理解为偶尔伴有牙齿接触的紧咬牙或磨牙。直到最近才提出了一个正确且经过验证的定义。尽管从科学角度来看，很少有症状可作为特定的诊断标准，但许多症状都与这个过程相关。与磨牙症最常相关的症状，如肌肉僵硬和疼痛、张口受限、颞下颌关节内紊乱、牙齿磨损，在颞下颌关节紊乱病患者中也可见到。因为磨牙症这一过程不仅给遭受疼痛、功能障碍以及可能出现牙齿磨损的患者带来问题，它也关乎牙医。对于治疗磨牙症患者的人来说，了解磨牙症的病因、诊断和管理，以及众多已描述的口腔功能异常行为（口运动行为）至关重要。尽管已经描述了这两种情况之间的关系，但这篇文献综述未能找到颞下颌关节紊乱病症状的出现与磨牙症之间的因果病因机制。
