Kramer M, Schimke E, Gerwing M, Schleich S, Michele U
Chirurgischen Veterinärklinik-Kleintierchirurgie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen.
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 1998 Jul;26(4):238-46.
Dogs and cats rarely have problems with the Achilles tendon and if so, it usually results from a direct trauma. Prime area for injuries is the insertion on the tuber calcanei or directly proximal. One defers between complete and partial ruptures, acute and chronic injuries as well as displacement of the tendon of the superficial digital flexor muscle. In 38 cases (33 dogs and five cats) the clinical examination, radiology, ultrasonography and therapy are shown. Usually the clinical examination is sufficient for a diagnosis (hyperflexion of the hock and weight-bearing on the plantar surface of the metatarsus). The radiology primarily shows up abnormalities on the calcaneus, mineralisations of the tendon and allows the assessment of implants. Ultrasonography is the diagnostic imaging of choice for judgement of tendon diseases as well as the progress of their healing. Tendon suture is advisable if the rupture is open, fresh and/or complete and in cases of luxation of the superficial digital flexor muscle. Immobilisation of the tarsus in hyperextension seems to be of utmost importance no matter if an operative or conservative therapy is chosen.
狗和猫很少出现跟腱问题，如果出现，通常是由直接创伤引起的。损伤的主要部位是跟骨结节处的附着点或其近端直接位置。需区分完全和部分断裂、急性和慢性损伤以及浅屈趾肌肌腱的移位情况。文中展示了38例病例（33只狗和5只猫）的临床检查、放射学检查、超声检查及治疗情况。通常临床检查足以做出诊断（跗关节过度屈曲及跖骨底面负重）。放射学主要显示跟骨异常、肌腱矿化情况，并可评估植入物。超声检查是判断肌腱疾病及其愈合进程的首选诊断成像方法。如果断裂为开放性、新鲜性和/或完全性，以及出现浅屈趾肌肌腱脱位的情况，建议进行肌腱缝合。无论选择手术治疗还是保守治疗，将跗关节固定于过伸位似乎至关重要。
