Neesse K R, Kirchgessner M
Arch Tierernahr. 1976 Jun;26(6):399-408. doi: 10.1080/17450397609423268.
2 groups of male calves (Braunvieh) each comprising 5 animals with liveweights, at the day of slaughtering, of 58 kg, 99 kg and 155 kg were used in a trial that was carried out to obtain data on the utilization of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat and ash in the bipartite feeding of calves. The nutrient content of the animals was determined by total body analysis. The following values for nutrient retention were obtained in comparative slaughtering trials by using differentiation techniques. No significant differences between the two fattening periods were observed concerning the utilization of total dry matter in the milk substitutes. About 24% of the dietary dry matter were retained. The mean value for the utilization of dietary fat during the whole period of fattening was found to be about 55% provided, the fat was not used as energy source to meet maintenance requirements. 49% of the milk proteins were utilized for both retention and maintenance in the first period of fattening and 55% during the second period. Differences between the two periods showed no consistent trend. In view of the fact that for all animals used in the trial digestibility was taken to be 95% the utilization coefficients for the digested crude protein were higher by about 3% compared with the figures for crude protein. After subtraction of maintenance needs it was found that, on an average, 63% of the residual amount of digested protein available over the whole fattening period were retained in the body. 55% to 57% of the retained protein were deposited in those parts of the body of the animals that are used for human nutrition. It is for this reason that in the first half of the fattening period only 29.8% of the ingested dietary proteins were retained in the edible cuts of the animal body, as compared with 30.4% during the second half of the fattening period.
选用两组雄性小牛（瑞士褐牛），每组5头，屠宰日体重分别为58千克、99千克和155千克。进行该试验旨在获取犊牛分阶段饲养中干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分利用情况的数据。通过全身体成分分析测定动物的营养成分。采用差异技术在比较屠宰试验中获得了以下营养保留值。在代乳品中，两个育肥期的总干物质利用率未观察到显著差异。约24%的日粮干物质被保留。在整个育肥期，日粮脂肪的平均利用率约为55%，前提是脂肪不作为满足维持需要的能量来源。在育肥的第一阶段，49%的乳蛋白用于保留和维持，第二阶段为55%。两个阶段之间的差异没有呈现出一致的趋势。鉴于试验中所有动物的消化率均设定为95%，消化粗蛋白的利用率系数比粗蛋白的数值高约3%。扣除维持需要量后发现，在整个育肥期，平均有63%的可利用消化蛋白剩余量保留在体内。所保留蛋白的55%至57%沉积在动物用于人类营养的身体部位。因此，在育肥期的前半段，动物摄入的日粮蛋白中只有29.8%保留在动物身体的可食用切块中，而在育肥期后半段这一比例为30.4%。
