Delcourt C, Diaz J L, Ponton-Sanchez A, Papoz L
INSERM U 500, National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Montpellier, France.
Arch Ophthalmol. 1998 Aug;116(8):1031-5. doi: 10.1001/archopht.116.8.1031.
To assess the associations between age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and smoking.
The POLA study is a population-based study taking place in the town of Sète, located on the French Mediterranean Sea border. The presence of early and late ARMD was assessed in 2196 participants on the basis of 50 degrees color fundus photographs using an international classification system.
After adjustment for age and sex, current and former smokers showed an increased prevalence of late ARMD (odds ratio [OR] = 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-12.4; OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.3-7.7, respectively). An increased risk was present in participants who smoked more than 20 pack-years (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 0.9-9.5 for 20-39 pack-years; OR = 5.2, 95% CI = 2.0-13.6 for 40 pack-years and more). In addition, the risk of late ARMD remained increased until 20 years after cessation of smoking (OR = 9.0, 95% CI = 3.0-27.0 for 1-9 years; OR = 4.0, 95% CI = 1.3-12.0 for 10-19 years; OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 0.4-4.3 for 20 years and more). Smoking was not significantly associated with early signs of ARMD.
This study further confirms the adverse effect of tobacco on late ARMD. Former smokers seem to remain at high risk for ARMD.
评估年龄相关性黄斑变性（ARMD）与吸烟之间的关联。
POLA研究是一项基于人群的研究，在位于法国地中海沿岸的塞特镇开展。根据国际分类系统，基于50度彩色眼底照片对2196名参与者进行早期和晚期ARMD的评估。
在对年龄和性别进行校正后，当前吸烟者和既往吸烟者晚期ARMD的患病率均有所增加（优势比[OR]=3.6，95%置信区间[CI]=1.1 - 12.4；OR = 3.2，95% CI = 1.3 - 7.7）。吸烟超过20包年的参与者风险增加（20 - 39包年，OR = 3.0，95% CI = 0.9 - 9.5；40包年及以上，OR = 5.2，95% CI = 2.0 - 13.6）。此外，戒烟后20年内晚期ARMD的风险仍然增加（戒烟1 - 9年，OR = 9.0，95% CI = 3.0 - 27.0；戒烟10 - 19年，OR = 4.0，95% CI = 1.3 - 12.0；戒烟20年及以上，OR = 1.3，95% CI = 0.4 - 4.3）。吸烟与ARMD的早期体征无显著关联。
本研究进一步证实了烟草对晚期ARMD的不良影响。既往吸烟者似乎仍处于ARMD的高风险中。
