Yu G, Duchén K, Björkstén B
Department of Health and Environment, Linköping University, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr. 1998 Jul;87(7):729-36. doi: 10.1080/080352598750013798.
The fatty acid composition of total lipids was analysed in colostrum and mature human milk samples obtained at 1, 3, 4 and 6 months from 17 non-atopic and at 1 and 3 months from 17 atopic mothers. The relative levels of linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid increased up to 3 months after delivery and then declined. In contrast, the levels of their metabolites were higher in colostrum than in mature milk. The levels of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid were all lower in atopic than non-atopic mothers in milk samples obtained after 1 month of lactation (all p < 0.05). The ratio of total n-6 to n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCP) in milk at 1 and 3 months was higher in atopic than non-atopic mothers (all p < 0.05). Lower levels of the monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were also observed in atopic mothers, as compared to non-atopic mothers. In the non-atopic mothers, the levels of individual n-6 LCP correlated and also correlated with n-3 LCP in colostrum and early mature milk (r = 0.60-0.92, all p < 0.01). These correlations within n-6 and between n-6 and n-3 LCP were mostly absent in atopic mothers. The findings suggest that the LCP metabolism in human milk is disturbed in atopic mothers, as indicated by the lower relative levels of some LCP at 1 month, higher ratios of n-6 to n-3 LCP and poor correlations between the levels of the various compounds during the first 3 months of lactation.
对17名非特应性母亲产后1、3、4和6个月以及17名特应性母亲产后1和3个月采集的初乳和成熟母乳样本中的总脂质脂肪酸组成进行了分析。亚油酸和α-亚麻酸的相对含量在分娩后3个月内升高，之后下降。相比之下，它们代谢物的含量在初乳中高于成熟乳。在产后1个月后的母乳样本中，特应性母亲的二高-γ-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸的含量均低于非特应性母亲（所有p<0.05）。特应性母亲产后1和3个月时母乳中总n-6与n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCP）的比例高于非特应性母亲（所有p<0.05）。与非特应性母亲相比，特应性母亲的单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）含量也较低。在非特应性母亲中,初乳和早期成熟乳中单个n-6 LCP的含量相互关联，并且与n-3 LCP也相关（r=0.60-0.92，所有p<0.01）。特应性母亲中，n-6内部以及n-6与n-3 LCP之间的这些相关性大多不存在。研究结果表明，特应性母亲母乳中的LCP代谢受到干扰，表现为产后1个月时某些LCP的相对含量较低、n-6与n-3 LCP的比例较高以及哺乳期前3个月各种化合物含量之间的相关性较差。
