Guesnet P, Antoine J M, Rochette de Lempdes J B, Galent A, Durand G
Laboratoire de Nutrition et Sécurité Alimentaire, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Jouy-en-Josas, France.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1993 Oct;47(10):700-10.
Milk samples were collected 2-5, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days postpartum from 41 individual mothers recruited in three French cities in order to obtain a general view of the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition in France. Considering the overall results, linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) represented between 11.6% and 13% of total fatty acids in human milk. In contrast alpha-linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) accounted only for about 0.6%, and hence the 18:2 n-6 to 18:3 n-3 ratio was close to 20. Amounts of n-6 and n-3 long-chain PUFAs (LCPs) regularly decreased from postpartum days 2-5 (3.09%) to day 30 (1.67%), and then remained unchanged up to postpartum day 90; the n-6/n-3 LCP ratio ranged between 2.5 and 2. According to regional areas, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) only for colostrum contents of 18:3 n-3 and LCPs, the LCP ratio remaining unchanged. These data are discussed with regard to recent data on human milk fatty acid composition from Western countries and to the mechanisms involved in milk LCP balance.
从法国三个城市招募的41位母亲产后2至5天、15天、30天、60天和90天采集了乳汁样本，以全面了解法国母乳中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的组成情况。综合各项结果来看，亚油酸（18:2 n-6）占母乳中总脂肪酸的11.6%至13%。相比之下，α-亚麻酸（18:3 n-3）仅占约0.6%，因此18:2 n-6与18:3 n-3的比例接近20。n-6和n-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCP）的含量从产后2至5天（3.09%）到产后30天（1.67%）呈规律性下降，然后直至产后90天保持不变；n-6/n-3 LCP比例在2.5至2之间。根据地区不同，仅初乳中18:3 n-3和LCP的含量存在显著差异（P < 0.05），LCP比例保持不变。结合西方国家近期关于母乳脂肪酸组成的数据以及母乳LCP平衡的相关机制对这些数据进行了讨论。
