Morein F, Bengtsson K L
Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.
Immunol Cell Biol. 1998 Aug;76(4):295-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1711.1998.00756.x.
The iscom is a delivery system, designed for both parenteral and mucosal modes of administration, for both antigens and adjuvants, components which are interchangeable. By the parenteral route a prominent systemic Th1 type of response is evoked, but the mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) response was insignificant. Intranasal (i.n.) immunization with iscoms evoked potent mucosal IgA response and serum IgG which was much higher than that induced by i.n. administration of the B subunit of cholera toxin (rCTB), both to rCTB itself as well as to co-administered antigen. The immunomodulatory effect on rCTB or co-administered antigens imposed by the iscom was demonstrated by a potent mucosal IgA switch and an enhanced IgG2a serum response. The incorporation of a targeting molecule in the iscom enhanced the remote IgA response in the genital tract mucosa. The capacity to induce CD8-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) is unique for the iscom as a nonreplicating system, which is facilitated by the delivery of antigens to the cytosol. The immunomodulatory capacity of iscoms also paved the way to override the inhibitory effect of maternally derived antibodies and the relative unresponsiveness of an immature neonatal immune system.
免疫刺激复合物（ISCOM）是一种递送系统，设计用于抗原和佐剂的肠胃外和粘膜给药模式，这些成分是可互换的。通过肠胃外途径可引发显著的全身性Th1型反应，但粘膜免疫球蛋白A（IgA）反应不明显。用ISCOM进行鼻内免疫可引发强烈的粘膜IgA反应和血清IgG，其水平远高于通过鼻内给予霍乱毒素B亚基（rCTB）所诱导的水平，无论是针对rCTB本身还是共同给予的抗原。ISCOM对rCTB或共同给予的抗原的免疫调节作用表现为强大的粘膜IgA转换和增强的IgG2a血清反应。在ISCOM中加入靶向分子可增强生殖道粘膜中的远程IgA反应。作为一种非复制系统，ISCOM诱导CD8限制性细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（CTL）的能力是独特的，这通过将抗原递送至胞质溶胶而得以促进。ISCOM的免疫调节能力也为克服母源抗体的抑制作用和不成熟新生儿免疫系统的相对无反应性铺平了道路。
