Nolan P W, Brown B, Crawford P
School of Health Sciences, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, England.
J Adv Nurs. 1998 Aug;28(2):251-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1998.00637.x.
Seldom is the work of philosophers invoked by health professionals when examining aspects of care from a philosophical perspective. Instead, students of health care, especially nurses, have been introduced to 'philosophies' which are often superficially examined and poorly understood. This practice fails to develop in students an appreciation of the work of philosophers or to acquire the art of critical thinking. The introduction of models and theories of nursing in the past three decades has alerted nurses to the importance of possessing critical skills in order to identify sound theory and implement good practice. This paper goes beyond mere philosophising and examines aspects of mental health care from the perspectives of one of nineteenth century Europe's most notable philosophers, Friedrich Nietzsche. It argues that understanding his work can enhance one's ability to reflect on nursing practice, as well as bringing a new dimension to how we analyse 'mental health' problems. His work provides many insights into how we can improve our understanding of the effect of mental illness and mental health care on the individual, and how we conceptualise the process of care. This paper provides an overview of his life's work, his impact on the history of ideas and develops some of the more provocative implications of his work for mental health care.
当从哲学角度审视护理的各个方面时，健康专业人员很少援引哲学家的著作。相反，医疗保健专业的学生，尤其是护士，接触到的“哲学”往往只是表面地被审视且理解不深。这种做法无法培养学生对哲学家著作的欣赏，也无法让他们掌握批判性思维的艺术。在过去三十年里，护理模式和理论的引入使护士们意识到拥有批判性技能对于识别可靠理论和实施良好实践的重要性。本文超越了单纯的哲学思考，从19世纪欧洲最著名的哲学家之一弗里德里希·尼采的视角审视了精神卫生保健的各个方面。文章认为，理解他的著作能够增强人们反思护理实践的能力，还能为我们分析“心理健康”问题带来新的维度。他的著作在如何提高我们对精神疾病和精神卫生保健对个体影响的理解，以及我们如何将护理过程概念化方面提供了许多深刻见解。本文概述了他一生的著作、他对思想史的影响，并探讨了他的著作对精神卫生保健一些更具启发性的意义。
