Bacon E, Danion J M, Kauffmann-Muller F, Schelstraete M A, Bruant A, Sellal F, Grange D
INSERM Unité 405, Département de Psychiatrie d'Adultes, Hôpitaux Universitaires, Strasbourg, France.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1998 Aug;138(3-4):318-25. doi: 10.1007/s002130050677.
The effects of lorazepam (0.026 or 0.038 mg/kg), a benzodiazepine, and of a placebo on metamemory, i.e. knowledge about one's own memory capabilities, were investigated in 36 healthy volunteers. Accuracy of confidence levels (CL) in the correctness of recalled answers and accuracy of feeling of knowing (FOK) the answers when recall fails were measured using a sentence memory task assessing episodic memory and a task consisting of general information questions and assessing semantic memory. Lorazepam impaired episodic memory. Unexpectedly, it also impaired performance in both the recall and recognition phases of the task assessing semantic memory, suggesting that it decreased the ability to distinguish between correct and incorrect information. In episodic memory, lorazepam 0.038 mg/kg-treated subjects exhibited an impaired CL accuracy, compared to placebo-treated subjects, and their FOK accuracy was at chance. In semantic memory, their overall CL and FOK accuracy was apparently spared. However, these subjects selectively overestimated their CL judgements for incorrect answers; moreover, secondary analyses showed that FOK accuracy for a subset of low-accuracy items was virtually nil. These results suggest that lorazepam impairs metamemory for both episodic and semantic memory.
在36名健康志愿者中，研究了苯二氮䓬类药物劳拉西泮（0.026或0.038毫克/千克）及安慰剂对元记忆（即对自身记忆能力的认知）的影响。使用评估情景记忆的句子记忆任务以及由一般信息问题组成并评估语义记忆的任务，来测量回忆答案正确性的置信水平（CL）准确性以及回忆失败时知晓感（FOK）答案的准确性。劳拉西泮损害情景记忆。出乎意料的是，它还损害了评估语义记忆任务的回忆和识别阶段的表现，这表明它降低了区分正确与错误信息的能力。在情景记忆中，与接受安慰剂治疗的受试者相比，接受0.038毫克/千克劳拉西泮治疗的受试者表现出CL准确性受损，且他们的FOK准确性处于随机水平。在语义记忆中，他们的总体CL和FOK准确性显然未受影响。然而，这些受试者对错误答案的CL判断存在选择性高估；此外，二次分析表明，一部分低准确性项目的FOK准确性几乎为零。这些结果表明，劳拉西泮损害情景记忆和语义记忆的元记忆。
