Bagley D H, Fabrizio M, El-Gabry E
Department of Urology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
J Endourol. 1998 Aug;12(4):313-24. doi: 10.1089/end.1998.12.313.
Direct endoscopic viewing of the upper urinary tract offers multiple benefits, including recognition and diagnosis, and also permits unsurpassed accuracy in positioning working instruments for biopsy and treatment. We have demonstrated the normal and abnormal endoscopic findings within the upper urinary tract in patients who were treated ureteroscopically for numerous indications, including calculi, filling defects, or ureteral obstruction. Small (7 to 7.5F) rigid and flexible ureteroscopes were employed in all patients. Selected endoscopic images of the subject lesions were photographed using a 35-mm camera with an endoscopic zoom lens and ISO-400 film. Endoscopic findings are illustrated in 13 patients, with case summaries in 11. Selected radiographic and endoscopic images show the essential features in each case and demonstrate the value of ureteroscopic examination.
直接对上尿路进行内镜检查有诸多益处，包括识别与诊断，还能在为活检和治疗定位操作器械时提供无与伦比的准确性。我们已展示了因多种病症（包括结石、充盈缺损或输尿管梗阻）接受输尿管镜治疗的患者上尿路的正常和异常内镜检查结果。所有患者均使用了小型（7至7.5F）硬性和软性输尿管镜。使用带内镜变焦镜头的35毫米相机和ISO - 400胶卷拍摄了所选病变的内镜图像。文中展示了13例患者的内镜检查结果，并对11例进行了病例总结。所选的放射影像和内镜图像显示了每个病例的基本特征，证明了输尿管镜检查的价值。
