Yin Q, Kemp G J, Frostick S P
University Department of Orthopaedic and Accident Surgery, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, UK.
J Hand Surg Br. 1998 Aug;23(4):433-7. doi: 10.1016/s0266-7681(98)80117-4.
Successful peripheral nerve regeneration requires optimal conditions both in the macro-environment and micro-environment. Many methods have been used to improve the macro-environment for the regenerating nerve. However, much less is known about the micro-environment, and in particular the complex neurochemical interactions involved. Several neurotrophic factors have been shown to play an essential trophic role in the development, maintenance and regulation of neuronal function. These include nerve growth factor (NGF) and several recently identified members of the NGF family, namely brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) and neurotrophin-6 (NT-6). In this review we summarize recent studies of the effects of these neurotrophins on neurones, especially their effects on motor neurones and their axonal outgrowth. We discuss prospects for the future and point out what remains to be understood about the role of neurotrophins to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration.
成功的周围神经再生需要在宏观环境和微观环境中都具备最佳条件。人们已经采用了多种方法来改善再生神经的宏观环境。然而，对于微观环境，尤其是其中涉及的复杂神经化学相互作用，我们了解得还很少。几种神经营养因子已被证明在神经元功能的发育、维持和调节中起着至关重要的营养作用。这些因子包括神经生长因子（NGF）以及最近发现的NGF家族的几个成员，即脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、神经营养素-3（NT-3）、神经营养素-4/5（NT-4/5）和神经营养素-6（NT-6）。在这篇综述中，我们总结了这些神经营养因子对神经元作用的最新研究，特别是它们对运动神经元及其轴突生长的影响。我们讨论了未来的前景，并指出在神经营养因子促进周围神经再生的作用方面仍有待了解的内容。
