Sheward W J, Lutz E M, Copp A J, Harmar A J
MRC Brain Metabolism Unit, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh, EH10 5HF, UK.
Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1998 Aug 8;109(2):245-53. doi: 10.1016/s0165-3806(98)00086-8.
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) have been reported to have a number of neurotrophic effects. We have examined the expression of mRNA for PACAP and PACAP type 1 (PAC1) receptor in the mouse embryo by in situ hybridization and the effects of PACAP and VIP on the growth of mouse embryos in vitro. Although we were unable to detect gross effects of either peptide on the growth rates of embryos maintained in culture, mRNAs for both PAC1 receptor and PACAP peptide were present in the nervous system from day 9.5 of embryonic development. PAC1 receptor mRNA was most abundant in the neural tube and the rhombencephalon and was present also in the dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia and the sympathetic chain. The distribution of mRNA for the PACAP peptide overlapped in part with that of the receptor, but was more extensively distributed in the rhombencephalon and in the developing hypothalamus. Within the neural tube, PAC1 receptor mRNA was located in the roof and floor plates, while the distribution of PACAP peptide mRNA was more complex, being located in two columns of cells in the ventromedial neural tube (consistent with the position of developing autonomic motor neurons) and in cells in the dorsolateral neural tube. These data are concordant with a role for PACAP or a related peptide in neural development.
据报道，垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP）和血管活性肠肽（VIP）具有多种神经营养作用。我们通过原位杂交检测了小鼠胚胎中PACAP及其1型（PAC1）受体的mRNA表达，并研究了PACAP和VIP对体外培养的小鼠胚胎生长的影响。尽管我们未能检测到这两种肽对培养胚胎生长速率的明显影响，但从胚胎发育第9.5天起，PAC1受体和PACAP肽的mRNA就存在于神经系统中。PAC1受体mRNA在神经管和菱脑中含量最丰富，在背根神经节、三叉神经节和交感神经链中也有表达。PACAP肽mRNA的分布部分与受体重叠，但在菱脑和发育中的下丘脑中分布更广泛。在神经管内，PAC1受体mRNA位于顶板和底板，而PACAP肽mRNA的分布更复杂，位于腹内侧神经管的两列细胞中（与发育中的自主运动神经元位置一致）以及背外侧神经管的细胞中。这些数据与PACAP或相关肽在神经发育中的作用一致。
