Bonacini M, Laine L A
Division of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 1998 Oct;8(4):811-23.
Patients with HIV infection often present with symptoms suggesting esophageal disease: these include odynophagia (pain with swallowing), dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing), and retrosternal chest pain. Esophageal symptoms rank second only to diarrhea in frequency of gastrointestinal complaints among patients with AIDS. Also, esophageal opportunistic infections have been associated with a poor outcome, the mean survival after diagnosis being less than 6 months in one study. Such short survival may be explained by the underlying immunosuppression, as well as a decrease in nutritional intake due to difficulty swallowing.
这些症状包括吞咽痛（吞咽时疼痛）、吞咽困难（吞咽困难）和胸骨后胸痛。在艾滋病患者的胃肠道症状中，食管症状的出现频率仅次于腹泻。此外，食管机会性感染与不良预后相关，一项研究显示，诊断后的平均生存期不到6个月。如此短的生存期可能是由于潜在的免疫抑制以及吞咽困难导致营养摄入减少所致。
