Mikulincer M, Orbach I, Iavnieli D
Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Aug;75(2):436-48. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.75.2.436.
Six studies examined the link between adult attachment style and subjective self-other similarity. In Studies 1-3, data were collected on representations of self-other similarity in the realms of traits and opinions. Studies 4-5 examined the effects of affective inductions on the link between attachment and self-other similarity. Study 6 examined the cognitive maneuvers people differing in attachment style use for changing self-other similarity upon distress arousal. Whereas avoidant persons underestimated self-other similarity and anxious-ambivalent persons overestimated it, secure persons provided more accurate similarity scores. These differences were exacerbated by negative affect and mitigated by positive affect. Insecure persons' distortions resulted from transformations they made in representations of the self and others. Results are discussed in terms of attachment theory.
六项研究考察了成人依恋风格与主观自我-他人相似性之间的联系。在研究1至3中，收集了关于特质和观点领域中自我-他人相似性表征的数据。研究4至5考察了情感诱导对依恋与自我-他人相似性之间联系的影响。研究6考察了依恋风格不同的人在痛苦唤醒时用于改变自我-他人相似性的认知策略。回避型个体低估自我-他人相似性，焦虑矛盾型个体高估自我-他人相似性，而安全型个体给出的相似性分数更为准确。这些差异在消极情绪下会加剧，在积极情绪下会减轻。不安全型个体的偏差源于他们对自我和他人表征所做的转变。研究结果依据依恋理论进行了讨论。
