de Leeuw P W, Kroon A A
Department of Medicine, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998;32 Suppl 1:S9-15. doi: 10.1097/00005344-199800003-00003.
Hypertension is a well-known risk factor that predisposes to the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary flow abnormalities, and systolic and diastolic dysfunction. This complex of abnormalities is known as hypertensive heart disease and eventually leads to heart failure. Structural lesions underlying this process include excess deposition of collagens and cellular infiltration, with an increase in the size of cardiac myocytes (remodeling). The occurrence of arteriolar lesions may lead to impediments of flow. Clinically, hypertensive heart disease manifests itself by anginal complaints and sometimes by silent ischemia, arrhythmias, and sudden death. Alterations in systolic and/or diastolic function may be associated with symptoms of heart failure. Although successful treatment of hypertension can probably retard the process of cardiac impairment, there is as yet no evidence that heart failure can be prevented.
高血压是一种众所周知的危险因素，易引发左心室肥厚、冠状动脉血流异常以及收缩和舒张功能障碍。这种异常组合被称为高血压性心脏病，最终会导致心力衰竭。这一过程的潜在结构病变包括胶原蛋白过度沉积和细胞浸润，同时心肌细胞大小增加（重塑）。小动脉病变的发生可能导致血流受阻。临床上，高血压性心脏病表现为心绞痛症状，有时还表现为无症状性缺血、心律失常和猝死。收缩和/或舒张功能的改变可能与心力衰竭症状相关。尽管成功治疗高血压可能会延缓心脏损害的进程，但尚无证据表明可以预防心力衰竭。
