Xu X, Boshoven W, Lombardo B, Spranger J
Department of Psychology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan 49401, USA.
Behav Neurosci. 1998 Aug;112(4):892-9. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.112.4.892.
Investigations indicate that the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) may be mediated by postsynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and that the maintenance of LTP may be initiated by nitric oxide (NO), a retrograde messenger carrying signals backward from the postsynaptic to the presynaptic neuron. The present study compared amnestic effects of dizocilpine maleate (MK-801), an NMDA receptor antagonist, and nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) and N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG), nitric oxide (NO) inhibitors, in goldfish, using active-avoidance conditioning as the learning paradigm. The results showed that MK-801 and NO inhibitors produced anterograde amnesia at doses that did not impair performance processes necessary for learning to occur. Furthermore, MK-801 did not produce retrograde amnesia, whereas L-NAME did, suggesting that MK-801 impaired learning whereas NO inhibitors impaired memory consolidation and possibly also learning.
研究表明，长时程增强（LTP）的诱导可能由突触后N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体介导，而LTP的维持可能由一氧化氮（NO）启动，NO是一种逆行信使，将信号从突触后神经元逆向传递到突触前神经元。本研究以主动回避条件反射作为学习范式，比较了NMDA受体拮抗剂马来酸氯氮平（MK-801）以及一氧化氮（NO）抑制剂硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯（L-NAME）和N-硝基-L-精氨酸（L-NOARG）对金鱼的遗忘作用。结果显示，MK-801和NO抑制剂在不损害学习发生所需的行为过程的剂量下产生了顺行性遗忘。此外，MK-801未产生逆行性遗忘，而L-NAME产生了逆行性遗忘，这表明MK-801损害学习，而NO抑制剂损害记忆巩固，也可能损害学习。
