Kameda Y, Miura M, Hayashida Y
Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228, Japan.
Brain Res. 1998 Sep 14;805(1-2):191-206. doi: 10.1016/s0006-8993(98)00722-7.
In the chicken, glomus cells are widely distributed not only in the carotid body but also in the wall of the common carotid artery and around each artery arising from the common carotid artery. Effects of chronic isocapnic hypoxia on the chicken carotid body and the glomus cells in and around the arteries were examined by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. In chickens exposed to isocapnic hypoxia for 35 days, three- to four-fold increase of the carotid body volume was induced. Immunoreactivity for tyrosine hydroxylase of glomus cells almost completely disappeared. Dense networks of TuJ1-immunoreactive nerve fibers were unchanged, whereas peptidergic nerve fibers, i.e., substance P-, calcitonin gene-related peptide-, vasoactive intestinal peptide-, galanin- and neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive fibers, were decreased in and around the carotid body. At the electron microscopic level, increased secretory activity of the glomus cells was verified. Mature dense-cored vesicles were markedly decreased, although prosecretory granules were numerous around Golgi complexes. Many immature glomus cells filled with rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes, also appeared in the carotid bodies of hypoxic chickens. In contrast to the carotid body, the glomus cells located in the wall of the common carotid artery revealed no changes after long-term hypoxia. The cells in the hypoxic chickens, as well as normal controls, expressed intense immunoreactivity for neuropeptide Y, serotonin and chromogranin A. Furthermore, a large number of dense-cored vesicles were distributed throughout the cytoplasm. The glomus cells around each artery arising from the common carotid artery were affected by hypoxia, although the degree of their response to hypoxia varied depending on the locations.
在鸡体内，球细胞不仅广泛分布于颈动脉体，还分布于颈总动脉壁以及颈总动脉发出的每条动脉周围。通过免疫组织化学和电子显微镜检查，研究了慢性等碳酸血症性缺氧对鸡颈动脉体以及动脉壁内外球细胞的影响。在暴露于等碳酸血症性缺氧35天的鸡中，颈动脉体体积增加了三到四倍。球细胞酪氨酸羟化酶的免疫反应性几乎完全消失。微管相关蛋白1（TuJ1）免疫反应性神经纤维的致密网络未发生变化，而肽能神经纤维，即P物质、降钙素基因相关肽、血管活性肠肽、甘丙肽和神经肽Y免疫反应性纤维，在颈动脉体及其周围减少。在电子显微镜水平上，证实了球细胞分泌活性增强。成熟的致密核心囊泡明显减少，尽管高尔基体周围有许多分泌前颗粒。许多充满粗面内质网和游离核糖体的未成熟球细胞也出现在缺氧鸡的颈动脉体中。与颈动脉体不同，位于颈总动脉壁的球细胞在长期缺氧后未显示出变化。缺氧鸡的细胞与正常对照一样，对神经肽Y、5-羟色胺和嗜铬粒蛋白A表现出强烈的免疫反应性。此外，大量致密核心囊泡分布于整个细胞质中。颈总动脉发出的每条动脉周围的球细胞都受到缺氧的影响，尽管它们对缺氧的反应程度因位置而异。
