Eurelings-Bontekoe E H, Brouwers E, Verschuur M, Duijsens I
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
Br J Psychol. 1998 Aug;89 ( Pt 3):405-16. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8295.1998.tb02693.x.
This study investigated the intensity of DSM-III-R and ICD-10 personality disorder features among females experiencing self-reported homesickness. Three groups were compared: (a) a group of women experiencing chronic feelings of homesickness (CHS); (b) a group of women experiencing episodic attacks of homesickness, each time they go on holidays (EHS); and (c) a group of healthy control females, recruited from the general population (HC). This study aimed to investigate whether the homesick participants showed stronger features of personality pathology than the controls and whether those who report experiencing chronic feelings of homesickness showed stronger features of personality pathology than those who at the moment of testing were not in an actual state of homesickness. Glass effect sizes revealed that the DSM-III-R avoidant and dependent and the ICD-10 anxious and dependent traits were most strongly associated with either type of homesickness. Finally, CHS was particularly associated with passive-aggressive traits and EHS with sadistic traits. Based on the stories of 21 homesick women, a link between adverse attachment experiences in childhood and certain personality features on the one hand and homesickness on the other is tentatively suggested.
本研究调查了自我报告有思乡之情的女性中《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）和《国际疾病分类》第十版（ICD-10）人格障碍特征的强度。研究比较了三组人群：（a）一组长期有思乡之情的女性（CHS）；（b）一组每当度假时就会发作思乡之情的女性（EHS）；以及（c）一组从普通人群中招募的健康对照女性（HC）。本研究旨在调查思乡的参与者是否比对照组表现出更强的人格病理学特征，以及那些报告长期有思乡之情的人是否比在测试时未处于实际思乡状态的人表现出更强的人格病理学特征。格拉斯效应量显示，DSM-III-R中的回避型和依赖型以及ICD-10中的焦虑型和依赖型特质与任何一种思乡之情的关联最为紧密。最后，CHS与被动攻击型特质尤其相关，而EHS与施虐型特质相关。基于21名思乡女性的故事，初步提出童年不良依恋经历与某些人格特征一方面与思乡之情另一方面之间的联系。
