Woung L C, Lue Y F, Shih Y F
Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Municipal Yangming Hospital, Taiwan.
Optom Vis Sci. 1998 Aug;75(8):611-6. doi: 10.1097/00006324-199808000-00027.
To investigate changes in accommodation and pupillary reaction in early-onset myopia among children.
An objective infrared optometer and a pupillometer were used to evaluate simultaneously tonic accommodation, accommodative response, accommodative adaptation, and pupil diameter in 19 schoolchildren with early-onset myopia and 15 age-matched emmetropic controls.
Tonic accommodation in the early-onset myopes (1.03 D) was significantly less than in the emmetropes (1.37 D) (p < 0.05), whereas accommodative response and accommodative adaptation showed no significant difference between the early-onset myopes and emmetropes. The average pupil diameter after 20 min of dark adaptation in the early-onset myopes was 4.52 mm, which was significantly smaller than that in the emmetropes (5.21 mm) (p < 0.05). During nearwork stimulation, the average pupil diameter further decreased to 3.83 mm in the early-onset myopes and 4.78 mm in the emmetropes (p = 0.003).
These results suggest that low tonic accommodation and small pupil diameter may play important roles in the pathogenesis of early-onset myopia among schoolchildren.
研究儿童早发性近视患者调节功能和瞳孔反应的变化。
使用客观红外验光仪和瞳孔计，对19例早发性近视学龄儿童和15例年龄匹配的正视对照儿童同时进行静态调节、调节反应、调节适应和瞳孔直径的评估。
早发性近视患者的静态调节（1.03 D）显著低于正视者（1.37 D）（p < 0.05），而早发性近视患者与正视者之间的调节反应和调节适应无显著差异。早发性近视患者在暗适应20分钟后的平均瞳孔直径为4.52 mm，显著小于正视者（5.21 mm）（p < 0.05）。在近距工作刺激期间，早发性近视患者的平均瞳孔直径进一步降至3.83 mm，正视者降至4.78 mm（p = 0.003）。
这些结果表明，低静态调节和小瞳孔直径可能在学龄儿童早发性近视的发病机制中起重要作用。
