Kouchi M, Mochimaru M, Tsuzuki K, Yokoi T
Human-Environment System Department, National Institute of Bioscience and Human-Technology, Ibaraki, Japan.
J Hum Ergol (Tokyo). 1996 Dec;25(2):155-66.
In order to present basic information on the magnitude of and variance due to the random error in anthropometry, 219 measurement items were taken on 12 subjects twice by the same observer. The precision (i.e., consistency between the repeated measurements) was investigated for these measurement items. The reliability was quantified using mean absolute difference (MAD), technical error of measurement (TEM), and reliability coefficient (R). MAD and TEM are highly correlated with each other and both represent the magnitude of error. They are not correlated with R, which represents the proportion of error-free variance. Larger measurements tend to have absolutely larger but relatively smaller random errors and higher reliability in the size range of 1-10 cm. Imprecision is inherent in anthropometry of the living because of the fact that the human body is not rigid. This may be responsible for the above tendency. Relatively large MAD and low R may be due to small absolute size, landmarks difficult to locate precisely, soft tissue deformation, and the inconsistency of the posture of the subject.
为了呈现人体测量学中随机误差的大小及方差的基本信息，同一位观察者对12名受试者的219个测量项目进行了两次测量。对这些测量项目的精度（即重复测量之间的一致性）进行了研究。使用平均绝对差（MAD）、测量技术误差（TEM）和可靠性系数（R）对可靠性进行了量化。MAD和TEM彼此高度相关，均代表误差大小。它们与代表无误差方差比例的R不相关。在1 - 10厘米的尺寸范围内，较大的测量值往往绝对误差较大，但相对误差较小且可靠性较高。由于人体不是刚体，活体人体测量学中存在不精确性是固有的。这可能是造成上述趋势的原因。相对较大的MAD和较低的R可能是由于绝对尺寸较小、难以精确确定的地标、软组织变形以及受试者姿势的不一致性。
