Nacul L C, Arthur P, Kirkwood B R, Morris S S, Cameiro A C, Benjamin A F
Department of Social Medicine, Universidades Estadual e Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Trop Med Int Health. 1998 Aug;3(8):661-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3156.1998.00259.x.
To evaluate the impact of large-dose vitamin A supplementation given to infants > 6 months old (200000 IU) and to preschool children aged 1-4 years (400000 IU) during a pneumonia episode, on their subsequent morbidity and severe morbidity.
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial, the children were followed-up with 2-weekly visits at home for 16 weeks, with the first visit 2 weeks after treatment for pneumonia was initiated. The field workers asked about the presence of morbidity on the day of the visit and in the previous two weeks and about the occurrence and number of clinic attendances and hospital admissions since the last visit. They also measured the patients respiratory rate and temperature and assessed the children for the presence of cyanosis, chest indrawing and wheezing.
Except for the prevalence of diet refusal which was higher in the vitamin A group, no differences between the study groups were observed, either in the prevalence of morbidity or in the incidence of clinic attendances and hospital admissions.
No evidence was found for a beneficial effect of vitamin A given during acute pneumonia on the subsequent morbidity and severe morbidity of children in a population with marginal vitamin A deficiency.
评估在肺炎发作期间，给6个月以上婴儿（200000国际单位）和1 - 4岁学龄前儿童（400000国际单位）补充大剂量维生素A，对其随后发病率和严重发病率的影响。
在一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验中，对儿童进行为期16周的随访，每周在家访视2次，首次访视在开始治疗肺炎2周后进行。现场工作人员询问访视当天及前两周的发病情况，以及自上次访视以来的门诊就诊次数和住院次数。他们还测量了患者的呼吸频率和体温，并评估儿童是否有发绀、胸凹陷和喘息。
除维生素A组拒食发生率较高外，研究组在发病率、门诊就诊率和住院率方面均未观察到差异。
在维生素A轻度缺乏人群中，未发现急性肺炎期间给予维生素A对儿童随后的发病率和严重发病率有有益影响的证据。
