Prather C M, Ortiz-Camacho C P
Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1998 Sep;73(9):881-6; quiz 887. doi: 10.4065/73.9.881.
Constipation is a common complaint that physicians encounter. Understanding the patient's definition of constipation and focusing the history and physical examination provide clues to the underlying cause. Initially, an empiric treatment trial is recommended. For patients with warning symptoms or those in whom treatment fails, a limited diagnostic work-up is suggested. Tests of physiologic function are reserved for patients whose condition is refractory to therapy. Fecal impaction can be considered extreme constipation. The pathophysiologic features of fecal impaction are discussed, and recommendations are provided for treatment and prevention.
便秘是医生常遇到的一种常见主诉。了解患者对便秘的定义并重点进行病史询问和体格检查可为潜在病因提供线索。最初，建议进行经验性治疗试验。对于有警示症状的患者或治疗失败的患者，建议进行有限的诊断性检查。生理功能测试适用于治疗效果不佳的患者。粪嵌塞可被视为严重便秘。本文讨论了粪嵌塞的病理生理特征，并提供了治疗和预防建议。
