McCraty R, Barrios-Choplin B, Rozman D, Atkinson M, Watkins A D
Institute of HeartMath, Boulder Creek, California 95006, USA.
Integr Physiol Behav Sci. 1998 Apr-Jun;33(2):151-70. doi: 10.1007/BF02688660.
This study examined the effects on healthy adults of a new emotional self-management program, consisting of two key techniques, "Cut-Thru" and the "Heart Lock-In." These techniques are designed to eliminate negative thought loops and promote sustained positive emotional states. The hypotheses were that training and practice in these techniques would yield lowered levels of stress and negative emotion and cortisol, while resulting in increased positive emotion and DHEA levels over a one-month period. In addition, we hypothesized that increased coherence in heart rate variability patterns would be observed during the practice of the techniques. Forty-five healthy adults participated in the study, fifteen of whom acted as a comparison group for the psychological measures. Salivary DHEA/DHEAS and cortisol levels were measured, autonomic nervous system function was assessed by heart rate variability analysis, and emotions were measured using a psychological questionnaire. Individuals in the experimental group were assessed before and four weeks after receiving training in the self-management techniques. The experimental group experienced significant increases in the positive affect scales of Caring and Vigor and significant decreases in the negative affect scales of Guilt, Hostility, Burnout, Anxiety and Stress Effects, while no significant changes were seen in the comparison group. There was a mean 23 percent reduction in cortisol and a 100 percent increase in DHEA/DHEAS in the experimental group. DHEA was significantly and positively related to the affective state Warmheartedness, whereas cortisol was significantly and positively related to Stress Effects. Increased coherence in heart rate variability patterns was measured in 80 percent of the experimental group during the use of the techniques. The results suggest that techniques designed to eliminate negative thought loops can have important positive effects on stress, emotions and key physiological systems. The implications are that relatively inexpensive interventions may dramatically and positively impact individuals' health and well-being. Thus, individuals may have greater control over their minds, bodies and health than previously suspected.
本研究考察了一种新的情绪自我管理项目对健康成年人的影响,该项目包含“直切”和“内心锁定”这两种关键技巧。这些技巧旨在消除消极思维循环,促进持续的积极情绪状态。研究假设为,在这些技巧方面的训练和实践将在一个月内降低压力、消极情绪和皮质醇水平,同时提高积极情绪和脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)水平。此外,我们假设在技巧实践过程中会观察到心率变异性模式的连贯性增加。45名健康成年人参与了该研究,其中15人作为心理测量的对照组。测量了唾液中DHEA/DHEAS和皮质醇水平,通过心率变异性分析评估自主神经系统功能,并使用心理问卷测量情绪。实验组个体在接受自我管理技巧训练前和训练四周后接受评估。实验组在关怀和活力的积极情感量表上有显著增加,在内疚、敌意、倦怠、焦虑和压力影响的消极情感量表上有显著下降,而对照组未观察到显著变化。实验组皮质醇平均降低23%,DHEA/DHEAS增加100%。DHEA与热情的情感状态显著正相关,而皮质醇与压力影响显著正相关。在80%的实验组个体使用技巧过程中,测量到心率变异性模式的连贯性增加。结果表明,旨在消除消极思维循环的技巧可对压力、情绪和关键生理系统产生重要的积极影响。这意味着相对廉价的干预措施可能会对个体的健康和幸福产生巨大的积极影响。因此,个体对其思想、身体和健康的控制可能比之前认为的更强。