Lieb R, Pfister H, Wittchen H U
Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology Unit, Munich, Germany.
Eur Addict Res. 1998 Mar;4(1-2):67-74. doi: 10.1159/000018924.
Lifetime prevalence estimates of psychotropic medicine use as well as prevalence of DSM-IV prescription drug use disorders from the baseline investigation of the Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology (EDSP) Study are presented. Use of prescription medication at some time in their life was reported by 27.4% of the respondents. Illicit use of prescription drugs, which means an intake without medical legitimation, was reported by 4.5% of the sample. The findings suggest that abuse of and dependence on prescription drugs, with most cases reporting polysubstance use, is quite rare in the 14- to 24-year-olds. DSM-IV abuse was more prevalent than dependence (0.5 vs. 0.3%). In general, women reported higher prevalence rates of prescription drug use, whereas men reported higher prevalence rates of prescription drug disorders. This result suggests that men have a higher risk to develop a substance-use-related disorder.
本文呈现了精神病理学早期发展阶段（EDSP）研究基线调查中精神药物使用的终生患病率估计以及DSM-IV处方药使用障碍的患病率。27.4%的受访者报告在其生命中的某个时候使用过处方药。4.5%的样本报告有非法使用处方药的情况，即未经医学许可的用药。研究结果表明，在14至24岁的人群中，滥用和依赖处方药（大多数病例报告为多药使用）的情况相当罕见。DSM-IV滥用比依赖更为普遍（0.5%对0.3%）。总体而言，女性报告的处方药使用率较高，而男性报告的处方药障碍患病率较高。这一结果表明男性患物质使用相关障碍的风险更高。
