Cataldi L, Fanos V
Istituto di Clinica Pediatrica, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, Roma, Italia.
Pediatr Med Chir. 1998 May-Jun;20(3):187-92.
Hematuria is a common finding on a urinalysis, with a prevalence rate between 1% and 2%. The execution of screening of hematuria in children is controversial. Once hematuria has been identified, it is useful to identify sources of bleeding, as either glomerular or non-glomerular. If microscopic hematuria is confirmed, investigations would include: hypercalciuria screen, blood examinations (full blood count, renal function tests, complement and autoantibody screen), renal tract ultrasound, urinalysis of family members, audiogram, if family history of deafness is present, or family members present a positive dipstick. If all these tests are negative and microscopic hematuria persists, then a renal biopsy is advocated.
血尿是尿液分析中常见的检查结果，患病率在1%至2%之间。儿童血尿筛查的实施存在争议。一旦确定存在血尿，确定出血来源（肾小球性或非肾小球性）很有必要。如果确诊为镜下血尿，检查项目包括：高钙尿症筛查、血液检查（全血细胞计数、肾功能测试、补体和自身抗体筛查）、泌尿系统超声、家庭成员尿液分析、听力图（如果有耳聋家族史或家庭成员尿试纸检测呈阳性）。如果所有这些检查均为阴性且镜下血尿持续存在，则主张进行肾活检。
