Warner J T, Linton H R, Dunstan F D, Cartlidge P H
Department of Child Health, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, UK.
Int J Clin Pract. 1998 Jun;52(4):236-40.
Preterm infants fed human milk have been shown to grow poorly and develop mineral deficiencies that may lead to osteopenia. This study has investigated the efficacy of a human milk fortifier made up of glucose polymers, a mixture of bovine milk protein fractions and free amino acids, minerals and vitamins designed to improve these nutritional deficiencies. Growth and bone mineral deficiencies were compared in 38 preterm infants fed fortified mother's milk and 21 preterm infants fed a preterm formula until they reached 1800 g; all had a birthweight below 1600 g. Weight gain was similar in each group with a mean (SD) increase of 19.6 (3.5) g/kg/day in the fortified group and 19.9 (4.1) g/kg/day in the preterm formula group. There were also no significant differences in linear growth, head circumference, skin fold thickness or mid-arm circumference. Serum phosphate, alkaline phosphatase and plasma urea concentrations were similar and there was no clinical evidence of osteopenia. These results indicate that the growth and metabolic disadvantages associated with feeding human milk to preterm infants are ameliorated by the addition of a milk fortifier that increases the calorific, protein and mineral content of breast milk.
已证实，食用母乳的早产儿生长缓慢，会出现矿物质缺乏，进而可能导致骨质减少。本研究调查了一种母乳强化剂的功效，该强化剂由葡萄糖聚合物、牛乳蛋白组分混合物、游离氨基酸、矿物质和维生素组成，旨在改善这些营养缺乏问题。对38名食用强化母乳的早产儿和21名食用早产配方奶粉的早产儿进行生长情况及骨矿物质缺乏情况的比较，直至他们体重达到1800克；所有婴儿出生体重均低于1600克。两组的体重增加情况相似，强化组平均（标准差）每日增加19.6（3.5）克/千克，早产配方奶粉组为19.9（4.1）克/千克。线性生长、头围、皮褶厚度或上臂中部周长也无显著差异。血清磷酸盐、碱性磷酸酶和血浆尿素浓度相似，且无骨质减少的临床证据。这些结果表明，给早产儿喂食母乳所带来的生长和代谢方面的不利影响，可通过添加一种能增加母乳热量、蛋白质和矿物质含量的母乳强化剂得到改善。
