Mirza K A, Bhadrinath B R, Goodyer I M, Gilmour C
Developmental Psychiatry Section, University of Cambridge, UK.
Br J Psychiatry. 1998 May;172:443-7. doi: 10.1192/bjp.172.5.443.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be a persistent and disabling psychiatric disorder. There is little systematic research into the psychiatric consequences of road traffic accidents (RTAs) in children and adolescents.
A consecutive sample of 8-16-year-olds attending an accident and emergency department following RTAs were screened for PTSD. Potential cases and their parent(s) were interviewed with semi-structured research instruments about six weeks and six months after the accident.
Fifty-three (45%) of the 119 subjects fell above PTSD cut-off on the Frederick's Reaction Index. Thirty-three (75%) of the 44 cases met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD. In half of these other psychiatric disorders were present, including major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders. Being female, involvement in car accidents and pre-existing depression and anxiety were associated with developing PTSD. Seventeen per cent of the sample continued to be symptomatic six months after the accident.
PTSD is a common consequence of RTAs. Liaison with accident and emergency departments would enhance the early detection and follow-up of children at risk of developing PTSD.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）可能是一种持续且致残的精神障碍。关于儿童和青少年道路交通事故（RTA）的精神后果，几乎没有系统的研究。
对因道路交通事故到急诊部就诊的8至16岁儿童进行连续抽样，筛查创伤后应激障碍。潜在病例及其父母在事故发生约六周和六个月后，使用半结构化研究工具进行访谈。
119名受试者中有53名（45%）在弗雷德里克反应指数上高于创伤后应激障碍临界值。44例中的33例（75%）符合创伤后应激障碍的DSM-IV标准。其中一半还存在其他精神障碍，包括重度抑郁症和焦虑症。女性、遭遇车祸以及既往有抑郁和焦虑与患创伤后应激障碍有关。17%的样本在事故发生六个月后仍有症状。
创伤后应激障碍是道路交通事故的常见后果。与急诊部联络将加强对有患创伤后应激障碍风险儿童的早期检测和随访。
