Mendelsohn M E, Abramson D H, Madden T, Tong W, Tran H T, Dunkel I J
Department of Ophthalmology, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 1998 Sep;116(9):1209-12. doi: 10.1001/archopht.116.9.1209.
To investigate the concentrations of carboplatin and etoposide achieved in the aqueous and vitreous humors after intravenous infusion in nonhuman primates, and to investigate whether local administration of carboplatin might result in higher concentrations in the vitreous humor.
Macaca fascicularis primates were treated with 1 of 3 regimens: (1) intravenous carboplatin (18.7 mg/kg), etoposide (5 mg/kg), and vincristine sulfate (0.05 mg/kg), (2) peribulbar carboplatin (10 mg/mL), or (3) episcleral balloon carboplatin (10 mg/mL). Concentrations of chemotherapeutic agents were measured in the plasma and in the aqueous and vitreous humors.
No measurable amount of etoposide was detected in the aqueous or vitreous humor after intravenous administration. Mean measured peak vitreous concentration of carboplatin after intravenous administration was 0.31 microg/mL, which was 1% of the peak plasma value. Mean measured peak vitreous concentrations of carboplatin after peribulbar or episcleral balloon administration were 2.38 microg/mL and 2.95 microg/mL, respectively, which represent 7.68- and 9.52-fold increases over the concentration achieved after intravenous administration. No serious toxic effect was observed in any animal.
Peribulbar and episcleral balloon administration of carboplatin seemed to be safe and resulted in higher vitreous concentrations than intravenous administration in this model. These results suggest that these alternate routes of delivery should be explored in children with vitreous seeding of retinoblastoma.
研究非人灵长类动物静脉输注后房水和玻璃体液中卡铂和依托泊苷的浓度，并研究卡铂局部给药是否会使玻璃体液中的浓度更高。
将食蟹猴灵长类动物分为3种治疗方案中的1种进行治疗：（1）静脉注射卡铂（18.7mg/kg）、依托泊苷（5mg/kg）和硫酸长春新碱（0.05mg/kg）；（2）球周注射卡铂（10mg/mL）；（3）巩膜下球囊注射卡铂（10mg/mL）。测量血浆、房水和玻璃体液中化疗药物的浓度。
静脉给药后，房水或玻璃体液中未检测到可测量的依托泊苷量。静脉给药后卡铂的平均玻璃体液峰值浓度为0.31μg/mL，为血浆峰值的1%。球周或巩膜下球囊给药后卡铂的平均玻璃体液峰值浓度分别为2.38μg/mL和2.95μg/mL，分别比静脉给药后达到的浓度增加了7.68倍和9.52倍。未在任何动物中观察到严重的毒性作用。
在该模型中，球周和巩膜下球囊注射卡铂似乎是安全的，并且比静脉给药导致更高的玻璃体液浓度。这些结果表明，对于视网膜母细胞瘤玻璃体种植的儿童，应探索这些替代给药途径。
