Duracková Z
Ustav lekárskej chémie, biochémie a klinickej biochémie Lekárskej fakulty Univerzity Komenského v Bratislave.
Bratisl Lek Listy. 1998 Jul;99(7):351-8.
Free radicals are, on the one hand, necessary for the physiological function of some systems but, on the other had, they play an important pathologic role. The formation of free radicals can be the result of various conditions and can initiate various diseases. Their formation may also be a consequence of certain pathological state of the organism. In this way generated free radicals can cause in the secondary to the damage organism. The metabolism of free radicals is significantly influenced by transition metals. These metals are present in the organism at given oxidative state chelated in the proteins. In this form the metalloproteins to have unique catalytical and redox properties. The transition metals are a part of an active centre of many enzymes. Iron and copper are the predominant transition metals in human organism. These metals are vitally important, but if present in high concentration, in unsuitable oxidative state and at improper site, they can catalyse the formation of highly toxic reactive metabolities of oxygen, for example hydroxyl radicals. The toxic damage may be direct if the metals are present in high oxidative state Fe(IV) or Fe(V). These "ferryl" compounds are strong prooxidants. The organism maintains the iron metabolism in equilibrium. If the iron plasma concentration reaches 40 micro-mol/L, it is a sign, that iron is released from physiological protein structures and forms so called "catalytically active iron". In this form iron can be involved in Fenton reaction in which hydroxyl radical is formed. The article discussed the toxic effect of "catalytically" active iron at a given oxidative state with its influence on some diseases.
一方面，自由基对于某些系统的生理功能是必需的，但另一方面，它们也起着重要的病理作用。自由基的形成可能是各种情况的结果，并可引发各种疾病。它们的形成也可能是机体某些病理状态的后果。以这种方式产生的自由基可在机体受损后引发继发性损害。自由基的代谢受到过渡金属的显著影响。这些金属以特定的氧化态存在于机体中，与蛋白质螯合。以这种形式存在的金属蛋白具有独特的催化和氧化还原特性。过渡金属是许多酶活性中心的一部分。铁和铜是人体中主要的过渡金属。这些金属至关重要，但如果以高浓度、不合适的氧化态存在于不适当的部位，它们可以催化形成剧毒的活性氧代谢产物，例如羟基自由基。如果金属以高氧化态Fe(IV)或Fe(V)存在，毒性损害可能是直接的。这些“高铁”化合物是强氧化剂。机体维持铁代谢的平衡。如果血浆铁浓度达到40微摩尔/升，这表明铁从生理蛋白质结构中释放出来，形成所谓的“催化活性铁”。以这种形式存在的铁可参与芬顿反应，在此反应中会形成羟基自由基。本文讨论了处于特定氧化态的“催化活性”铁的毒性作用及其对某些疾病的影响。
