Vondra V, Reisová M
TRN odd., FN Motol, Praha.
Cas Lek Cesk. 1998 Aug 3;137(15):455-9.
Review of data in the literature on the quality of life and its assessment in chronic obstructive lung disease and in bronchial asthma. The authors mention the most frequently used types of questionnaires and results achieved when using them. General questionnaires include the Sickness Impact Profile or the short version of a very detailed questionnaire which has 36 questions with sub-questions (SF-36 = Short Form-36). Specific questionnaires are focused on certain questions concerning different diseases. These questionnaires include SGRQ (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire) which is used mainly in chronic obstructive lung disease. For this disease also the CRQ was developed (Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire) but its section on dyspnoea is not standardized. For evaluation of the quality of life of asthmatic patients several questionnaires exist, in particular for children. Several questions call for further standardization. The value of questionnaires is, however, beyond dount. They elucidate the situation which does not ensue even from detailed functional examination of the lungs or immunological examination. It appraises bodily and mental functions of man, restriction of his activity, the sensation of comfort and general evaluation of his health. Thus "classical" evaluation methods are extended by now non-traditional ways of appraisal of diseases which have a high prevalence and thus also great impact in the population.
关于慢性阻塞性肺疾病和支气管哮喘患者生活质量及其评估的文献数据综述。作者提及了最常用的问卷类型以及使用这些问卷所取得的结果。通用问卷包括疾病影响量表或一份非常详细问卷的简短版本，该问卷有36个问题及子问题（SF - 36 = 简明健康调查问卷）。特定问卷则聚焦于与不同疾病相关的特定问题。这些问卷包括主要用于慢性阻塞性肺疾病的圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）。针对这种疾病还开发了慢性呼吸问卷（CRQ），但其关于呼吸困难的部分未标准化。对于评估哮喘患者的生活质量，有多种问卷，尤其是针对儿童的。有几个问题需要进一步标准化。然而，问卷的价值是毋庸置疑的。它们阐明了即使通过详细的肺部功能检查或免疫学检查也无法得出的情况。它评估人的身体和心理功能、活动受限情况、舒适感以及对自身健康的总体评价。因此，“经典”评估方法如今通过对疾病的非传统评估方式得到了扩展，这些疾病患病率高，因而在人群中也有很大影响。
