Hannum E, Xie Y
Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Demography. 1998 Aug;35(3):323-33.
The debate on market reforms and social stratification in China has paid very little attention to China's ethnic minorities. We explored rising occupational stratification by ethnicity in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Analyses of census data from 1982 and 1990 pointed to educational disadvantages faced by ethinic minorities as the most plausible explanation for the change. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant increase in the effect of education on high-status occupational attainment but no change in the effect of ethnicity. Net of education, ethnic differences in high-status occupational attainment were negligible. In contrast, large ethnic differences in manufacturing and agricultural occupations persisted after education and geography were statistically controlled.
关于中国市场改革和社会分层的讨论很少关注中国的少数民族。我们探讨了新疆维吾尔自治区按民族划分的职业分层加剧情况。对1982年和1990年人口普查数据的分析表明，少数民族面临的教育劣势是这种变化最合理的解释。多变量分析显示，教育对高地位职业获得的影响显著增加，但民族因素的影响没有变化。排除教育因素后，高地位职业获得方面的民族差异可以忽略不计。相比之下，在对教育和地理位置进行统计控制后，制造业和农业职业中的巨大民族差异依然存在。
