Desai D P, Holinger L D, Gonzalez-Crussi F
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, USA.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1998 Sep;107(9 Pt 1):790-6. doi: 10.1177/000348949810700910.
Primary tracheal neoplasms are extremely rare lesions in the pediatric age group. This study reviews the English-language literature to better characterize these lesions in children and reports 2 additional patients. Reports of only 36 infants and children through adolescence with primary tracheal neoplasms were discovered after an exhaustive literature review of the last 30 years. The data are analyzed with regard to pathology, demographics, symptomatology, site, and percent luminal obstruction. We report 2 additional patients with photographic documentation, imaging studies, and histopathology. Of the 36 previously reported lesions, 64% were characterized as benign and 36% as malignant. Fifty-six percent of all lesions were initially misdiagnosed as asthma. The most common site was the posterior membranous wall of the cervical trachea. In 14 (39%) of the 36 patients, the lesions obstructed more than 50% of the lumen at the time of diagnosis. The timely diagnosis of tracheal masses depends upon maintaining a high index of suspicion and conducting an efficient workup, including definitive evaluation by bronchoscopy. The evaluation and the differential diagnosis of tracheal neoplasms in the pediatric population is discussed.
原发性气管肿瘤在儿童年龄组中是极其罕见的病变。本研究回顾英文文献以更好地描述儿童中的这些病变，并报告另外2例患者。在对过去30年的文献进行详尽回顾后，仅发现36例从婴儿期至青春期患有原发性气管肿瘤的患儿报告。对病理、人口统计学、症状学、部位及管腔阻塞百分比等数据进行了分析。我们报告另外2例患者，并提供照片记录、影像学检查及组织病理学资料。在先前报告的36例病变中，64%为良性，36%为恶性。所有病变中有56%最初被误诊为哮喘。最常见的部位是颈段气管的后膜壁。在36例患者中的14例（39%）中，病变在诊断时阻塞管腔超过50%。气管肿物的及时诊断取决于保持高度的怀疑指数并进行有效的检查，包括通过支气管镜进行明确评估。本文讨论了儿童气管肿瘤的评估及鉴别诊断。
