Hancock T L, Costello A M, Lidstrom M E, Oremland R S
U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1998 Aug;64(8):2899-905. doi: 10.1128/AEM.64.8.2899-2905.1998.
A facultatively methylotrophic bacterium, strain IMB-1, that has been isolated from agricultural soil grows on methyl bromide (MeBr), methyl iodide, methyl chloride, and methylated amines, as well as on glucose, pyruvate, or acetate. Phylogenetic analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence indicates that strain IMB-1 classes in the alpha subgroup of the class Proteobacteria and is closely related to members of the genus Rhizobium. The ability of strain IMB-1 to oxidize MeBr to CO2 is constitutive in cells regardless of the growth substrate. Addition of cell suspensions of strain IMB-1 to soils greatly accelerates the oxidation of MeBr, as does pretreatment of soils with low concentrations of methyl iodide. These results suggest that soil treatment strategies can be devised whereby bacteria can effectively consume MeBr during field fumigations, which would diminish or eliminate the outward flux of MeBr to the atmosphere.
从农业土壤中分离出的一株兼性甲基营养型细菌IMB-1，能够以甲基溴（MeBr）、甲基碘、甲基氯和甲基化胺为碳源生长，也能利用葡萄糖、丙酮酸或乙酸盐生长。对其16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析表明，IMB-1菌株属于变形菌门α亚群，与根瘤菌属成员密切相关。无论生长底物如何，IMB-1菌株将MeBr氧化为CO2的能力在细胞中都是组成型的。向土壤中添加IMB-1菌株的细胞悬液可极大地加速MeBr的氧化，低浓度甲基碘预处理土壤也有同样效果。这些结果表明，可以设计土壤处理策略，使细菌在田间熏蒸过程中有效消耗MeBr，从而减少或消除MeBr向大气的外排通量。
