Roberts S J, Walker A, Cox L, Welch S J
Horticulture Research International, Wellesbourne, Warwick,
J Appl Microbiol. 1998 Aug;85(2):309-16. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1998.00507.x.
Three different isolation routes (flask enrichment/flask degradation assay, flask enrichment/microplate degradation assay, MPN assay/microplate degradation assay) were used to obtain pure cultures of bacteria which degraded isoproturon (3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) as sole carbon and nitrogen source in a mineral salts medium from a field soil treated with isoproturon in the laboratory. All three isolation routes were successful, but the microplate assay of degradation was more successful than the flask assay. Characterization of 36 isolates indicated that they formed 16 distinct phenotypes (10 Gram-positive phenotypes, six Gram-negative phenotypes) which are likely to represent distinct species. Low concentrations of the degradation product 3-(4- isopropylphenyl)-1-methylurea (IPPMU) were occasionally found in the culture solutions. When provided as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen, the monomethyl degradation product was itself rapidly degraded by several of the isolates. Some isolates were also able to use the demethylated degradation product 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-urea (IPPU) as sole source of carbon and nitrogen, although there was occasionally an extended lag-phase before rapid degradation commenced. One isolate was particularly active and degraded isoproturon, the monomethyl and demethylated degradation products of isoproturon, and demethylated the related phenylureas diuron and linuron.
采用三种不同的分离途径（摇瓶富集/摇瓶降解试验、摇瓶富集/微孔板降解试验、MPN试验/微孔板降解试验），从实验室中用异丙隆处理过的田间土壤的无机盐培养基中获取以异丙隆（3-(4-异丙基苯基)-1,1-二甲基脲）作为唯一碳源和氮源的细菌纯培养物。所有这三种分离途径均取得成功，但降解的微孔板试验比摇瓶试验更成功。对36株分离菌的表征表明，它们形成了16种不同的表型（10种革兰氏阳性表型，6种革兰氏阴性表型），这些表型可能代表不同的物种。在培养液中偶尔会发现低浓度的降解产物3-(4-异丙基苯基)-1-甲基脲（IPPMU）。当作为唯一的碳源和氮源提供时，单甲基降解产物本身会被数株分离菌迅速降解。一些分离菌还能够将去甲基化的降解产物3-(4-异丙基苯基)-脲（IPPU）用作唯一的碳源和氮源，不过在开始快速降解之前偶尔会有较长的延迟期。有一株分离菌特别活跃，能降解异丙隆、异丙隆的单甲基和去甲基化降解产物，并使相关的苯基脲类敌草隆和利谷隆去甲基化。
