Hosey G, Gordon S, Levine A
Portland Area Indian Health Service Diabetes Program, Bellingham, WA 98225, USA.
Nurse Pract Forum. 1998 Jun;9(2):108-14.
Type 2 diabetes is a major public health concern for people of color throughout the United States. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes among African-Americans, Hispanics and American Indian/Alaskan Natives is from two to six times greater than that of the US non-Hispanic white population. Rates of end-stage renal disease, amputations, and diabetic retinopathy are also significantly higher. The medical risk factors of familial history, insulin resistance, obesity, history of gestational diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and physical inactivity are the same for all populations. The disproportionate impact of diabetes in people of color may be because of an interaction of genetic risk factors and environmental factors. Recognizing the impact of culture in disease management and self-care practices can improve diabetes care.
2型糖尿病是美国所有有色人种面临的一个重大公共卫生问题。非裔美国人、西班牙裔和美国印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民中2型糖尿病的患病率比美国非西班牙裔白人高出两到六倍。终末期肾病、截肢和糖尿病视网膜病变的发病率也显著更高。家族病史、胰岛素抵抗、肥胖、妊娠糖尿病史、糖耐量受损和缺乏身体活动等医学风险因素在所有人群中都是相同的。糖尿病对有色人种的影响不成比例，可能是由于遗传风险因素和环境因素的相互作用。认识到文化在疾病管理和自我护理实践中的影响可以改善糖尿病护理。
